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The essential oils of the two cultivars of Korean ginger were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction method. Then the essential oils were fractionated into one hydrocarbon fraction and two oxygented hydrocarbon fractions by using silica gel column chromatography. The composition of the resulting oils were investigated by GC-MS spectrometry. The volatile oil contents of the two fresh cultivars were 0.32%(wb) and consisted of 68.1% hydrocarbon and 31.9% oxygenated hydrocarbons. Out of 101 characterized compounds, 54 were identified by comparing GC retentions and mass spectral data with authentic samples and 47 were tentatively identified according to mass spectral data only. The major compounds of hydrocarbon fraction were camphene, β-phellandrene, zingiberene, γ-bisabolene, β-sesquiphellandrene, and of oxygenated hydrocarbon fractions were 1,8-cineol, neral, geranial, geranyl acetate, citronellol, geraniol and α-terpeneol+borneol. Comparing the yield and composition of Korean ginger oil with those from other origins reported, Korean ginger oils showed good yields of oil, whilst those contained higher amounts of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons.
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